![]() The best way to get a feel is to have an actual diff at hand. One of the hardest things in a car sim can be the differential. For example, if F_roadReaction_left=100 and F_roadReaction_right=50, then the ratio is 100:50 = 2:1.ĭiffs can be made that will stay locked when the torque bias ratio stays below a certain value. The incoming road reaction torques define the torque bias ratio. See below for the schematic view of a diff. Torque bias ratio a Salisbury diff for example uses ramp angles to determine the torque bias ratio.Preload: a spring presses a pair of clutches against eachother to prevent the wheel axles to have different velocities.Looking at it mechanically, there are 2 mechanisms: What you want is to lock both wheels in this case, so that more force is available at the left wheel, to avoid power oversteer (which means: if you apply power, your car starts spinning the back breaks out). Even worse, if that wheel is on grass, the left wheel hardly accelerates and you spin out. With an open diff, chances are big that your inside wheel begins to spin. So, say you're coming out of a right turn and you stomp on the throttle. This is due to the fact that the road counteracts the engine torque routed to the wheel, and this effectively helps spin the wheel on ice. When applying throttle, the wheel on ice will start spinning, while the wheel on the road will stay still. Why? Imagine an open diff and a car with the left wheel on the road, the right on ice. The open diff does allow the wheels to have different velocities in a turn, so no slipping & tire wear. The open diff does nothing to prevent the wheels rotating away from eachother, while the locked diff is the opposite - the wheel velocities will always match (left & right). The extremes in differentials are open and locked (spool, not really a diff). That is a given fact resulting from the way diffs are built. ![]() The sum of both though, divided by 2, is the speed at which the input of the diff (from the engine) rotates. The left & right wheel can rotate at different velocities. The differential is a clever mechanism to let each wheel rotate semi-independently. Go-karts for example have locked axles, and can be hard to turn. If you have a spool (locked axle), the wheels physically can't move with respect to eachother. Imagine a car in a turn the outer wheels want to rotate faster than the inner wheels. Most real-lifeĭiffs fall into the LSD (limited slip diff) category. That Racer supports (v0.6.3+) open, spool (locked), LSD and viscous. Most differentials work alike there are only a couple of types Text there's enough literature to deal with that check for esxample this veryĮasy to follow explanation at Youtube. To explain the workings of differentials would require too much free planning, project management and organizing software for all your action lists
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